Improvement in loom for weaving fringe



Louis 1)..VALETT0N, orV PHILADELPHIA, PENNsY-LVANA, Assiettes T0.

HENSEL, REICHERT, WOLFEAND COMPANY.

Letters Patent No. 80,786, dated'August'A, 1868.

' IMPROVEMENT IN LOOM POR VVIAVIBTGl FRINGE.

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T0 ALL WHOM IT MAY CON CERN:

Be it known that I, LOUIS D. VALETTQN, of the city. and county ofPhiladelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have inventeda new anduseful Loom forv'Weaving Fringe; and I do'hereby declare the followingto,- be a full, clear, and exact description of the construction andoperation of the same, reference being had to the.

' annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Thenature of my'invention consists inprovidinga loom for weaving fringeswith such additional machinery that it is capable of weaving andcompleting twistfringe of any description.

To enable others skilled in the art to which `my invention appertainstoifully understand and use the samen y I will proceed to describe itsconstruction and operation. y

In the drawings, A A A A represent the side-pieces, and A1 A2 A3 A4 theconnecting-pieces or cross-bars of a suitable upright frame. This frame'supports a main shaft, B, with a pulley, B2 and several cams, to impartmotion to different parts of the loom.' It has also a gear-wheel, B2,i'astened to it, which, gearing into another wheel, G1, drives a shaft,C, seen in figs. l and 2. This shaft C, with the aid of two earns,C2 andCay and levers C* and C5, causes 'the movement of the harness connectedto these levers. ,Y

The said levers are provided with friction-rollers c c, figs. land 2,and with springs c2 c5, tomake these rollers bear constantly againsttheir respective cams. Two wires or cords, c4 c5, are attached to theselevers,

whoseupper ends are provided with branching wires, which connectth'enyil to the ends of four other levers, D

D1 :D2-D73, figs. 1, 2, and 4, of which D D1 support the heddlelE, andD2 D3 the heddle E.

To each end oi' the' lower sides of these heddles is attached a spring,as seen in figs. 1 and 3, where said springs eehhave their lower endsfastened`to a small cross-bar, e2, These keep the heddlestght, andprevent anyswaying motion which may be imparted to them by the warpwhile the loom is at work.

I The-lay or battenll is supported by two hangers, Fll F2, gs. I and 2,fastened Vto tbe'frame above by bear;- ings ff. Motionis transferredfrom the main shaft 'B by two cams, Fa F4, with twofriction-rollers,ff^`f3,

bearing on their surfaces, which rollers are fastened to two uprightlevers, F7 F8, figs. 1 and 3, pivoted at fsf6 to a cross-bar, F9, andbeing connected-'to the hatten by two connecting-rods, FSF, tig. 4.

Two large springs,f* f5, fastened tothe lowerpart of the battenand therear end ot'- the frame, tend to v pull the hatten hack, andconsequently `keep-thc rollers f2 f3 constantly in cont'act withthevcams F3 Ff.

f7 is the reed, fastened to the upper side of the hatten, and serves tokeep the warp properly separated.

` The shuttle G, Eg. 1, is-an angular "plate, the horizontal part ofwhich is slotted and pointed. Through this slot g passes the weft,consisting of two cords, .that form the substance for the twist-fringe.The said slot g is provided wth'a hook, g., which catches either one orthe other cord of the weft, `for apurpose hereinafter`4 explained.

straps, g? g3, so as toallow a horizontal sliding motion, partakcs ofthe motion of the hatten also.

The shuttle is fastened to a bar, G41, so as to be adjustable, which,being held tothe hatten bytwo nietallic The sliding motion of Gl isreceived-from the main shaft by means of a cam, G2, lfastened toit,whichcam bears against a roller, g4., on`a'lever, G3, which is pivoted to theframe at g5, and toa connecting-bar, G4, at gs. This bar G4 is pvoted toa lever, G5,'at g7, which is pivoted'to the frame at g8, and has a roundpin, gg,'fastened to its front end. This pin gg plays iip and down in alongitudinal slot in an inclinedbar, G6, iig. 1, which b ar is fastenedto an adjustablebar, G", at gm.' The other end of .th

bar G7, at its opposite slotted end, is screwed-to Gis at gli. By thesemeans, G6, with its slot, can be adjusted'to any desired inclination.

c bar G6 is fastened to a bar, G8, at Q, andtheA The up-and-downmovement of the pin g, in the slot of the'har G3, makes the lever Gs,which is pivoted to the hanger F2 at gm, swing right and left, whichmotion it transfers to the bar Gl by a connecting-rod, G9. A spring,Gl", fastened to the bar Grl and to the betten F, gives to the bar Grx atendency towards the left side, and a spring, G, fastened to the frameand to the lever G3, keeps the roller g4 bearing against itsoperating-.cam

The twist in the fringes iseffected by a revolving hook, H, fig. 1,which has its bearings in a plate, Hl, and is provided with a smallgrooved pulley, h, and a cam, H3, having a step or tooth, h1, on itsperiphery, which, when it comes in contact with the pawl-lever h2,fastened to plate Hl., figs. 1 and 2, suspends the revolution of thehook. l l

The plate Hl is adjustablein a lateral direction by means of a slot, ha,and set-screw, L. The plate H3, to which the plate H1 is attached, isfastened to a bar, H4, which is suspended vby two hanger-arms, H5 andH3, gs. l and 2, from two levers, H7 and H3, pivoted to the frame. Theother ends of these levers are operated vby two rods, H9 H1, fig. 3, towhich theyare pivoted, and these rods are pivoted to two levers, Hu H13,figs. 3 and 4, lwhich have their fulei'a at It@ L7 on the cross-bar A5.These levers are operated von by two cams, H13 H, iigh 3, upon the mainshaft B.

Two springs, hw It, fastened to the levers HIPH, serve to keep thefrictionrrolls of the-lev ers'Hu Hwlin lcontact with the cams H3 H14. I

The hook H receives its revolving motion from the shaft I, by means of a-gxooved cone-pulley, Il, and a cord,`z', which is kept` tight by atension-spring, I2, and'grooved rollerfil. From this shaft I, motion .istransferred, by means of gear-wheels -131* I5, to a pulley, IG, fromwhich a beltcommunicates it to a pulley, B, on the main shaft B.llhis'affords a chance for changing the speed of the shaft B, byexchanging the gear-wheels mentioned for others'of diffrent diameter. v

Thelever-H has also a lateral motion, in additionto its verticalmovement, and this movement is caused bya lever,.K, fignfl,A havingaroller, c, bearing on a cam, K1, on main shaft B. A rod,`k3, fastenedtothe frame, has a spring, k2, attached to its end, which, being-.alsofastened to lever K, secures a constant bearing between roller c'and camK1, as seen in iig. l.

A guide, 7c, made of' wire or-other suitable material, secures astrictly vertical4 movement of the lever K, whose pin-shaped end, c,bears on the inclined'edge of an adjustable plate, K3, fastened to alever, K, with a fulcrum, K5, gs. 1 and 2. i I

The upper endof lever K2 is connected to thebar H4 by means of aconducting-rod, c. A spring, k7, iig. 3, keeps the incline'of`plate'K3in contact with-the pin' Ztl-in the usual way. As the pin k1, on leverK,mve's up and down, the lever K2 is caused to swing toand fro,.wlxiehmotion is 'communicated to the bar H4 and hook-Zt.` I

To keep the bar-H4 always at the same distance from the hatten F, it isprovided at both en'dswith pro-- jecting pins, (of 4which one, h3, isseen in figs. 1 and 2,) made to slide vertically in a'slot at the lowerend-of the hangers fl andvfz. A movable bar, L', supported by twoguides', Z Z1, to allow a vertical motion, has an angular and adjustableplate, Z1, attached near its centre, and to this plate is fastenedanother plate, Z2, which, by'means of a set-screw and a suitable guide,Z9, on the hatten, holdes a pin, Z3, in such position that in itsdownward movement it enters'between thefringe before it is twisted, andstops the twist from extending into the warp.. The bar L' receives itsvertical movement from two pins, Z* Z5, fastened to the levers H7'a11dH3, figs. 2 and 3.' spring, Z3,fastened to L', and bearing against L,serves to keep bar L' in Contact with pins Z* and Z5 of levers H'andHfVAl A horizontall rod or finger, Z7, fastened to bar A', figs. 2 and 4,serves to disengage the fringe from the hook lH on its upward-motion,after b'eing twisted. An angular wire or finger, ZB, .fast`ened "belowbar A', serves to disengage the pawl-lever h2 from the tooth hl on Athecam H-on its downward movement, to allow the hook H to make thenecessary revolution for twisting the fringe. A spring (not shown) bearson the otherend of h3 to keep. its pawl-end in contact withv cam H3. Thefinished fringe is wound' up on a drum or spool, M, g. 1, upon n ashaft, M1. This shaftis moved by 'a ratchet-wheel, M2, and two pinions,a m1, mbeing fastened to the ratchetwheeland mito the shaft M. A

.The stud on which the ratchet-wheel turns forms the fulerum for thepaWl-lever M3, which receives its motion .by means of a connecting-rod,m2,' fastened to the hanger-arm F1 of the batteri, and to thep'awllever, in i such manneras to make anadjustablestroke. Adrivingpawl,'m3, is fastened to lever M3, and a retaining-pawl,

M4, lfastened to theframe, serve toI operate the ratchet-wheel.

The fringe-cords are wound upontwo spools, N N',mouuted on pins onthebar N3, which, by means of two wires or cords, 'n al, g. 3,is-suspended from the ends of two levers, N3 N4. A rod, a3. connectedwith4 the two other ends of said levers, is fastened below to a lever,N', and this,with the aidfl a small friction-roller, u, bearing on acam, N3, upon shaft B, imparts a vertical motion to the bar N2, whose'-ends 'are fitted to slide in grocved guidesll5 N3, iig.' 3, on the-frame. A cord, N7, fastened at as to bar Nbears 1n a. grooved rim ofeach spool N N,'witli the aid of a spring,'n6, fastened at its other endto the bal: N13, eifects the desired degree of tension. Thetwofringe-cords, from thence, are passed down through the loopsof' twotension-weights, nin", then up over a supporting-rod, n.3, towardtheshuttle. v l' i The warp o is wound on-a spool, o', havinga'ratchet-rim, and being mounted upon a pin in a cross-bar, o?, fastenedto the frame of the loom,a'lever, 03,-'hearing-on'said rim, works as apawl, and prevents the spool from turning and discharging the warp..From the spool the warp passes up over one or more smallfriction-rollers, o o,'fas tened to a small frame, O, between the sidesof theloom-frame. Thence the warp passes down through an eye, o3, whichforms the-upper part of a fr'ame, O5, which is -b'ent into the form of aswing, and forms a seat for a number of weights, with grooves at theirends, of 'which weights any desirable number can be supported in O5 toaccomplish the right tension on the warp. Thence the warp passes upagain over one or both of the rollers o3 o, thencel down under a bridge,o5, and finally to the heddles and reed.

The operation of my invention is as follows:

As the warp and fringe-cords are parted by the action of the heddles,the cam G2 on the main' shaft deprcsscs the lever G3, and, as hasalready been described, thereby moves the shuttle Gbetween the raisedand lowered sets of warp. In doing this, the hook g catches-tbe loweredfringe-cord and carries it through between the warp so far as to allowthe hook II (which is at the same time moved towards the shuttle) tocatch the fringe-cord from the hooi; g, as soon as, by the actionv ofthe two cams H13 H upon the levers Hu IIl2 and H7 H8, the bar H, withthe hook H, is lowered. This lowering process gives'the right tension tothe cord t', which has until now been slack, so that the hook I-I willrevolve as soon as the lower end of the pawl-levcr ft2 .strikes Y thefinger ls, thereby disengaging thc pawl from thel ratchet-tooth hl onthc-cam H3.

As soon as thehooi: II catches the fringe-cord, thc pin Z3 is, by thesame mechanism, moved down between the fringe-cord, and' remainsstationary until the twisting is finished, to'prevent itfrom extendinginto the shed, and pushing the warp out of its straight direction. Afterthe` twist is completed, thc hook H is raised again, andalso the pin Z3,by the same mechanism that cifected their lowering. This makes thepawl-lever free from the finger ZS, and, by theaction of the springbearing on it, the pawl-lever will catch against the tooth t or cam H3,andrstop any further revolution of I-I.

As the warp is carried forward to the twisting operation, the weight O*is gradually raised thereby, until it comes in Contact with thel inner`end of lever O3, which causes its outer end to disengagc itself fromthe ratchet on the s ool Ol, and allows the wei ht to dro as the s oolrotates. A certain amount of war is thus P g Y P P P let off from thespool, until the lever again engages with tho ratchet, which preventsany further rotation 'of the spool. until the lever is liberated, as stated.

To facilitate the drawing of thcuecessary amount of fringe-cord through'the warp by the hook H, the

spools N N1 on the bar N2 are, by the action of cam NS on lever NT andthe bar N2, lowered as soon as the hook has caught the cord from theshuttle, and lifted again as soon asthe cord is twisted.

This loom will make a straight or parallel fringe if the'cord I isremoved and the revolving hook H made stationary in any of the knownmodes, as,-for example, by inserting asmallset-screw in one of itsbearings.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as newherein, vand desire to secure by Letters Patent: 4

1. I claim the slotted shuttle G, constructed with a hook, g', andapplied to operate in the manner and for the purpose specified.

2. I claim the twisting-hook I-I, having an intermittent rotary andvertical and horizontal motions, and arranged'to operatain conjunctionwith the shuttle G, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. I claim the spools N and Nll attached to a bar, N2, having a verticalmovement within the frame, and being connected lwith the lever N7through Athe medium of the rods n 'nl n2 and levers N3 and N4, all asherein described and for the purpose set forth.

4. I claim the pin Z3, applied and operating substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

To the above I have signed my name, this 4th day of May, 1868.

LOUIS D. VALETTON.

Witnesses: Y

JOHN A. WIEDERsnnIM, ALEXANDER PARKS, J r.

